8/19/2023 0 Comments Indigo carmine dye![]() These low-cost products provide acceptable output for diagnosing-colored effluents in laboratory measurements 3. These products do not need any additional or expensive pre-treatment and should be regarded as possible adsorbents to eliminate dye-containing wastewater. Hence it is desirable to search for low-cost alternatives such as natural ingredients, agricultural by-products, or industrial waste as an adsorbent material. However, it is expensive, and its rejuvenation makes it pricier in some world regions (e.g., Asia). Industrial activated carbon (AC) is a well-known adsorbent used for admirable adsorption capabilities. Suitable for its convenience, simplicity of use, handling, sludge-free facility, and rejuvenation potential, it has become trendy and appealing, demonstrating an appropriate process for extracting non-biodegradable chemicals (specifical dyes) from wastewater 2. Surface assimilation, or the deposit of impurities on the surface of a solid, is an attractive alternative treatment. Consequently, such techniques are ineffective but cannot be utilized to handle the large variety of organic pigment discharge efficiently. The eradication of color from the effluent-carrying dye is a crucial challenge owing to difficulties in handling conventional and fixed treatment methods to manage such wastewaters. Color obstructs sunlight dispersion, hinders photosynthesis action, and constrains the growth and metabolism of aquatic biota. Discharge of such colored effluents is dangerous from an environmental and ecological point of view. About 10–15% of textile industry dyes are discharged in streams, making the effluents aesthetically unpleasant. The textile industry ingests more than 80% of the entire production of dyestuff, creating it the principal consumer 1. It could be computed that the ASAC can be used efficiently as an alternative option for industrial wastewater treatmentĬolorants and dyestuffs are commonly used in manufacturing and commercial industries, including clothing, rubber, pharmacy, leather, printing press, fruit, cosmetics, carpet, and paper. F-T-I-R spectroscope indicate distinctive functional assemblies like -OH group, C–H bond, C–C bond, C–OH, and C–O groups on ASAC. S-E-M and X-R-D analysis reveal the micro-porous and amorphous nature of ASAC. B-E-T surface area and B-E-T pore volume of ASAC were 737.76 m 2/g and 0.2583 cm 3/g, respectively. ![]() ![]() ![]() The characteristic parameters determined by process design and error analysis revealed that the Thomas model was better followed by the BDST and Yoon–Nelson models in relating the procedure of ICD adsorption onto ASAC. It indicated that all three models were comparable for the entire break-through curve depiction. The analysis predicted the breakthrough curves using a regression basin. Kinetic models were implemented by Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, and Bed-depth-service-time analysis along with error analysis to interpret experimental data for bed depth of 15 cm and 30 cm, ICD concentration of 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L and flow rate of 250 mL/h, and 500 mL/h. The experimental work confirmed the dependency of break-through curves on dye concentration and flow rate for a given bed depth. According to the column study, the highest efficiency of ICD removal was approximately 79.01% at a preliminary concentration of 100 mg/L with a flow rate of 250 mL/h at a bed depth of 30 cm and adsorption power of 24.67 mg/g. The effect on the adsorption characteristics of ASAC of the influent ICD concentration, flow rate, and column bed depth has been investigated. A continuous mode fixed-bed up-flow column adsorption analysis was conducted utilizing Acacia nilotica sawdust activated carbon (ASAC) as an adsorbent for the adsorption treatment of toxic Indigo Carmine Dye (ICD). ![]()
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